Cinq études de bruits

Cinq études de bruits (Five Studies of Noises) is a collection of musical compositions by Pierre Schaeffer. The five études were composed in 1948 and are the earliest pieces of musique concrète, a form of electroacoustic music that utilises recorded sounds as a compositional resource.

The five études were composed at the studio Schaeffer established at RTF (now ORTF), Studio d'Essai. They are:[1]

  1. Étude aux chemins de fer - trains[2][3]
  2. Étude aux tourniquets - toy tops and percussion instruments[4]
  3. Étude violette - piano sounds recorded for Schaeffer by Boulez
  4. Étude noire - piano sounds recorded for Schaeffer by Boulez
  5. Étude pathétique - sauce pans, canal boats, singing, speech, harmonica, piano

The works were premiered via a broadcast on 5 October 1948, titled Concert de bruits.[5][6]

In 2011, The New York Times included Étude aux chemins de fer (Railroady Study) in their history of the mashup, describing it as "[t]he first piece of musique concrète, composed from recordings of trains."[7] Academic writer Margaret Schadel, who writes that Schaeffer is widely regarded as the first composer to "create music with pre-recorded media", describes Etude aux Chemins de Fer as a sound collage with "a prominent place in most histories of electronic and computer music".[8]

References
  1. Gagné, Nicole V. (17 July 2019). Historical Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Classical Music. ISBN 9781538122983.
  2. Paddison, Max; Deliège, Irène (2010). Contemporary Music: Theoretical and Philosophical Perspectives. ISBN 9780754604976.
  3. Jong, Alex de; Schuilenburg, Marc (2006). Mediapolis: Popular Culture and the City. ISBN 9789064506284.
  4. Schrader, Barry (February 1982). Introduction to electro-acoustic music. ISBN 9780134815152.
  5. Collins, Nick; Collins, Nicholas; Schedel, Margaret; Wilson, Scott (9 May 2013). Electronic Music. ISBN 9781107010932.
  6. Tournet-Lammer, Jocelyne (2006). Sur les traces de Pierre Schaeffer: Archives 1942-1995. ISBN 9782110061935.
  7. "The Recombinant DNA of the Mash-Up". The New York Times. 6 January 2011. Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  8. Schedel, Margaret (2017). "Electronic Music and the Studio". In d' Escrivan Rincón, Julio; Collins, Nicholas (eds.). The Cambridge Companion to Electronic Music. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 9781107133556. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.