1984 European Parliament election in Italy

The 1984 European Parliament election in Italy was held on 17 June 1984.

1984 European Parliament election in Italy
17 June 1984
All 81 Italian seats to the European Parliament
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Alessandro Natta Ciriaco De Mita Bettino Craxi
Party Communist Party Christian Democracy Socialist Party
Alliance COM EPP SOC
Leader since 1984 1982 1976
Leader's seat Northwest Italy Southern Italy Northwest Italy
Last election 24 seats, 29.6% 29 seats, 36.5% 9 seats, 11.0%
Seats won 27 26 9
Seat change Increase 3 Decrease 3 Steady
Popular vote 11,714,428 11,583,767 3,940,445
Percentage 33.3% 33.0% 11.2%
Swing Increase3.7% Decrease3.5% Increase0.2%
European election results map. Red denotes those with a Communist plurality, White denotes provinces with a Christian Democratic plurality, Gray denotes those with an Autonomist plurality.

The election took place just a week after the death of Communist leader Enrico Berlinguer: this fact greatly influenced the vote, producing a historical result.[1]

Electoral system

The pure party-list proportional representation was the traditional electoral system of the Italian Republic since its foundation in 1946, so it had been adopted to elect the Italian representatives to the European Parliament too. Two levels were used: a national level to divide seats between parties, and a constituency level to distribute them between candidates. Italian regions were united in 5 constituencies, each electing a group of deputies. At national level, seats were divided between party lists using the largest remainder method with Hare quota. All seats gained by each party were automatically distributed to their local open lists and their most voted candidates.

Results

The public emotion caused by Berlinguer's tragic death resulted in an extraordinary strength for the PCI:[1] for the first time in Western Europe since the French election of 1956, and for the first time ever in Italian history, a Communist party received a plurality by a democratic vote.

However, in opposition, this result reinforced the moderate government ruling the country: the Socialist Party of Prime Minister Bettino Craxi had maintained its vote, and its major ally, the defeated Christian Democracy, did not want to take any chances of a political crisis that could lead to dangerous general election.

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Italian Communist Party11,714,42833.3327+3
Christian Democracy11,583,76732.9626–3
Italian Socialist Party3,940,44511.2190
Italian Social Movement2,274,5566.475+1
Italian Liberal Party–Italian Republican Party2,140,5016.095+2
Italian Democratic Socialist Party1,225,4623.493–1
Radical Party1,199,8763.4130
Proletarian Democracy506,7531.4410
South Tyrolean People's Party198,2200.5610
Federalism (UV–PSd'Az–Others)193,4300.551+1
Liga Veneta164,1150.470New
Total35,141,553100.00810
Valid votes35,141,55394.80
Invalid/blank votes1,928,0735.20
Total votes37,069,626100.00
Registered voters/turnout44,948,25382.47
Source: Ministry of the Interior

See also
  1. Lomellini, Valentine (2015). "The PCI and the European Integration from Eurocommunism to Berlinguer's death". European Political cultures and parties and the European integration process, 1945-1992. ISBN 978-2-87574-279-7.
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